Both of them offer a good number of programs, providing a fair balance between the world music from the Atlantic lands (mostly on the Galician channels), and the one from the Mediterranean, Africa, East (on the RNE programs produced in Madrid & Barcelona).

We are dealing with state-owned public corporations here, so they are a bit exposed to the decisions (for good or bad) from the political party that is running the government at the time. So far, regardless if there was a socialist or a conservative government, these institutions have respected (maybe not perfectly, but well enough) the educational values provided by RNE & CRTVG’s cultural & music programs. We hope that such kind of public services do not worsen regardless of : shifts on the voters preferences, economical crisis, budget cuts, etc ...

Radio Nacional de España (RNE)

RNE (www.rne.es) is the radio broadcasting system that belongs to Spain’s national entity RTVE (Radio Television Española, www.rtve.es). Their analogue & digital terrestrial radio & TV channels cover the entire territory of Spain : in the Iberian peninsula, the islands (Balearic & Canary) and the cities of Ceuta & Melilla on the North of Africa. They also broadcast via satellite and in the internet. It is a state-owned public broadcasting company, which means significantly subsidized by the Spanish government. Unfortunately, as of today (2010), TVE, the set of Spanish national television channels (www.tve.es), have a quite limited & scattered offer of music programs, mostly recorded concerts (even worse when we are talking about world & folk music).

On the other hand, RNE radio channels are doing much better, and there is specially one which is the refuge for the Spanish popular music fans: RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3). This channel was created in 1983, in the days when a young generation of mostly rock & pop musicians were exploding with new initiatives & seeking their own space, most times independently from the big national & multinational record companies. But RADIO 3 has always tried to make a balanced split for the different styles of popular music on the grill, having programs for: rock&roll, blues, reggae, pop, techno, funk, latin, jazz, new age, traditional, folk, world, flamenco, country, techno, hard rock, rap, ... The RADIO 3 programs dedicated to world music are grouped in the web page under the general category : ‘Músicas del Mundo’ (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3/musicasmundo).

Something to keep in mind about RNE are the campaigns that this company has started in the latest years, for the early “retirement” of quite a few of their veteran journalists. Regarding folk & world music in the channel RADIO 3, there have been three big names that have left the station in the latest years, and deserve a special mention :

Unfortunately these journalists will not be the last ones to leave RNE. The reasons why they have to go earlier than expected are not always clear for the audience. It is known that the corporation needs to reduce costs. The fear is that in the long term, such kind of policy could be heading towards more standard, more cost effective & commercially profitable type of radio programs, mostly oriented to the ‘mainstream’ music & culture. Then, today’s support to independent musicians, the promotion of alternative cultural activities, and the attention to music such as folk, world, jazz, flamenco, country, ... could be significantly diminished.

RNE has two other channels with interesting programs on traditional & world music :

The following list mentions around 20 programs relevant for folk & world music. They are regularly broadcasted by RNE in 2010. You can get access to their respective web pages thru the program URL, and then just search & click on their Podcasts. Regarding choices for languages, you’ll have to make an effort to start getting familiar with Spanish.

RADIO PROGRAM : *DISCOPOLIS*
- PRESENTER : José Miguel LÓPEZ
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/discopolis
DISCOPOLIS is one of the most veteran world music programs in RADIO 3. It began in 1985 with the name DISIDEN-3, a tribute to the German authors of ‘Fata Morgana’ & the Ethno-beat sound. Today in 2010, it has been broadcasted close to 8000 times. José Miguel LÓPEZ has covered a broad spectrum of popular music styles, ranging from jazz & classical to rock & pop, but with a main focus on : world, folk, traditional, flamenco, medieval, tango, latin, ... He has also interviewed a large number of artists from Spain and many other countries. José Miguel LÓPEZ has also directed the edition of CD compilations about Spanish folk music, produced by RADIO3/RNE. He is a participant in the yearly voting of the ‘World Music Charts Europe’ (www.wmce.de) coordinated by Johannes THEURER in Berlin. He also attends a number of European world music events as official representative of the Spanish national radio RNE.

RADIO PROGRAM : *LA TARATAÑA*
- PRESENTER : Manuel LUNA
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/taratana
LA TARATAÑA (formerly named IBERFOLK ) is a program mostly dedicated to the folk & traditional music from Spain and a bit of our peninsular neighbour, Portugal. Manuel LUNA is also a veteran folk singer & guitar player, born in Cantabria (North Spain, between Asturias and the Basque land), but having lived for quite a while also in Andalusia & Murcia (southern Mediterranean coast). The music that he has performed with his bands LA CUADRILLA MAQUILERA and BRENA LA MÚSICA, has accumulated musical experiences from all corners of Spain. This is also very well reflected in the character of Manuel’s radio program, very open to broadcast music & interviews to Spanish folk artists from many parts of the country.

RADIO PROGRAM : *MUNDOFONÍAS*
- PRESENTERS : Juan Antonio VÁZQUEZ & Araceli TZIGANE
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO EXTERIOR (www.rtve.es/radio/radio-exterior)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-exterior/mundofonias
Their program is focussed on world music from all parts of the planet. Songs & interviews of musicians from many places.

RADIO PROGRAM : *MEDITERRANEO*
- PRESENTER : Pilar SAMPIETRO
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/mediterraneo
Program specialised on the traditional music & the artists from all territories around the Mediterranean sea : Spain, North Africa, Turkey, Greece, the Balkans, Italy, France, the islands,...

RADIO PROGRAM : *TODO LO CRIA LA TIERRA*
- PRESENTERS : Gonzalo PÉREZ-TRASCASA & Ramón MARIJUÁN
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO CLASICA (www.rtve.es/radio/radioclasica)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-clasica/todo-lo-cria-la-tierra
This program is focussed on traditions, on the purest roots of the popular music from all parts of Spain. The presenters use as documentary resources the compilations of recordings done on the 20th century, by record companies, and musicologists such as Manuel GARCIA – MATOS or Alan LOMAX.

RADIO PROGRAM : *MÚSICAS DE TRADICIÓN ORAL*
- PRESENTERS : Gonzalo PÉREZ TRASCASA & Ramón MARIJUÁN
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO CLASICA (www.rtve.es/radio/radioclasica)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-clasica/musicas-de-tradicion-oral
Program specialised on the music of oral tradition from all parts of the world.

RADIO PROGRAM : *TRÓPICO UTÓPICO*
- PRESENTER : Rodolfo POVEDA
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/tropico-utopico
Program specialised on Brazilian and Caribbean music.

RADIO PROGRAM : *CUANDO LOS ELEFANTES SUEÑAN CON LA MÚSICA*
- PRESENTER : Carlos GALILEA
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/cuando-los-elefantes-suenan-con-la-musica
Program specialised on Caribbean, Latin & Brazilian music.

RADIO PROGRAM : *CAFÉ DEL SUR – MEMORIAS DEL TANGO*
- PRESENTER : Dimitri PAPANIKAS
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/cafe-del-sur-memorias-de-tango
Program dedicated to the popular music from Argentina (mostly tango & milonga), and its connection & parallelism with the music in other places in South & North America and Europe, but also describing the historical & sociological context in the past 20th century.

RADIO PROGRAM : *DUENDEANDO*
- PRESENTER : Teo SÁNCHEZ
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/duendeando
Program specialised on Flamenco music but with a modern perspective, and also checking its connections with other styles of world, jazz, rock & pop music.

RADIO PROGRAM : *NUESTRO FLAMENCO*
- PRESENTER : José María VELÁZQUEZ - GAZTELU
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO CLASICA (www.rtve.es/radio/radioclasica)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-clasica/nuestro-flamenco
Program specialised on the most traditional Flamenco music.

RADIO PROGRAM : *EL CALLEJÓN DEL CANTE*
- PRESENTER : Manuel MORAGA
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO EXTERIOR (www.rtve.es/radio/radio-exterior)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-exterior/el-callejon-del-cante
Program specialised on Flamenco music and related events.

RADIO PROGRAM : *LA HUELLA ROMANÍ*
- PRESENTER : Javier PÉREZ - SÁEZ
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO CLASICA (www.rtve.es/radio/radioclasica)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-clasica/la-huella-romani
Program specialised on the music of the Gypsies from all parts of the world.

RADIO PROGRAM : *EL GRAN QUILOMBO*
- PRESENTER : Consol SÁENZ
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/el-gran-quilombo
Program dedicated to Latin & South American music : world, folk, rock, reggae, salsa, bossa nova, rap, ...

RADIO PROGRAM : *SONIDEROS*
- PRESENTERS : Rodolfo POVEDA, DJ FLORO, Jesús BOMBÍN, Luis LAPUENTE, Enrique HELGUERA & Javier DE CAMBRA
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/los-sonideros
Rock, blues, folk, South American music, jazz, Latin, African, gospel, soul, ...

RADIO PROGRAM : *TOMA UNO*
- PRESENTER : Manolo FERNÁNDEZ
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/toma-uno
Americana music, country, bluegrass, ...

RADIO PROGRAM : *MÚSICAS POSIBLES*
- PRESENTER : Lara LÓPEZ
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/musicas-posibles
Program conducted by another great specialist on many styles of music : world, folk, jazz, classical,... Lara LÓPEZ is also a permanent member of the panel of experts of the ‘World Music Charts Europe’. She has worked before in a number of other programs in RNE, and has also participated in BBC Radio 3 programs. For example in Lucy Duran’s ‘World Routes’ & Charlie Gillet’s ‘Saturday Night’.

RADIO PROGRAM : *ALMA DE LEÓN*
- PRESENTER : Miguel CAAMAÑO
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/alma-de-leon
Program specialised on reggae music, from Jamaica & from other parts of the world. Reggae, but also : soca, ragga dub, dancehall, ...

RADIO PROGRAM : *SALUDO AL SOL*
- PRESENTER : Aarón ABAD
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/podcast/radio-3/saludo-al-sol
Program focussed on the ‘raga’ music from India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, but also to Flamenco, Irish trad, jazz, medieval, ‘new age’, spiritual music, from Africa, Middle East, China, Japan, North America, ...

RADIO PROGRAM : *CONCIERTOS*
- PRESENTER : Several
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : RNE (Radio Nacional de España) / SPAIN
- CHANNEL : RADIO 3 (www.rtve.es/radio/radio3)
- PROGRAM URL : www.rtve.es/radio/radio3/conciertos
RADIO 3 has broadcasted & recorded a large number of live concerts on all kinds of music, of course including also world, folk, etc.

Compañía de Radio Televisión de Galicia (CRTVG)

The autonomous community of Galicia has its own broadcasting system (www.crtvg.es), which is taking really good care of their traditional & folk music, both on the radio and the television channels as well. The CRTVG web page contains very interesting programs, although the navigation through its menus can be tricky. Below you will find the key programs both for radio and TV, and sequences of steps to get access on the CRTVG web page.

Radio Galega

They have at least 4 radio programs on folk & world music, and even a channel dedicated to broadcast all kinds of Galician traditional & folk music non-stop 24 hours/day.

RADIO CHANNEL : *SON GALICIA RADIO*
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : CRTVG / GALICIA, SPAIN
- CHANNEL : www.crtvg.es
- PROGRAM URL : (see sequence below)
Galician trad & folk music non-stop 24 hours/day. To get it, you have to click in the web page upper bar the sequence :
- Directo / Son Galicia Radio

RADIO PROGRAM : *ASTROLABIO*
- PRESENTER : Rodrigo ROMANÍ
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : CRTVG / GALICIA, SPAIN
- CHANNEL : www.crtvg.es
- PROGRAM URL : (see sequence below)
Rodrigo ROMANÍ is one of the founder members of the veteran Galician folk band MILLADOIRO. Specialised on Celtic harp & other string instruments, he is also a teacher in today’s Municipal School of Vigo, and a founder of the folk music orchestra SONDESEU. Rodrigo has excellent taste on music and his program ASTROLABIO, offers a worldwide perspective of traditional & folk music from all places in the planet. There are several ways to find the program in the page, by clicking any of the following sequences :
- RADIO GALEGA / Arquivos Radio / ASTROLABIO / Ver + / {choose program date}
- RG MÚSICA / Arquivos Radio / ASTROLABIO / Ver + / {choose program date}
- RG MÚSICA / Musicais / Astrolabio / Horario e Gravacións / {choose program date}

RADIO PROGRAM : *DERIVA ATLÁNTICA*
- PRESENTER : Pepe CARREIRA
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : CRTVG / GALICIA, SPAIN
- CHANNEL : www.crtvg.es
- PROGRAM URL : (see sequence below)
Music from lands facing and linked by the Atlantic Ocean : Galicia, Portugal, Europe, North & South America, Africa,... World, folk, jazz,... There are several ways to find the program in the page, by clicking any of the following sequences :
- RADIO GALEGA / Arquivos Radio / DERIVA ATLÁNTICA / Ver + / {choose program date}
- RG MÚSICA / Arquivos Radio / DERIVA ATLÁNTICA / Ver + / {choose program date}
- RG MÚSICA / Musicais / Deriva Atlántica / Horario e Gravacións / {choose program date}

RADIO PROGRAM : *LUME NA PALLEIRA*
- PRESENTER : Emilio ESPAÑADERO
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : CRTVG / GALICIA, SPAIN
- CHANNEL : www.crtvg.es
- PROGRAM URL : (see sequence below)
One of the veteran folk music programs in the Galician radio. Mostly focussed on the traditional & folk music artists from Galicia, but with some attention to bands from the rest of Spain, Portugal and other countries. There are several ways to find the program in the page, by clicking any of the following sequences :
- RADIO GALEGA / Arquivos Radio / LUME NA PALLEIRA / Ver + / {choose program date}
- RADIO GALEGA / Musicais / Lume na palleira / Horario e Gravacións / {choose program date}
- RG MÚSICA / Arquivos Radio / LUME NA PALLEIRA / Ver + / {choose program date}
- RG MÚSICA / Musicais / Lume na palleira / Horario e Gravacións / {choose program date}

RADIO PROGRAM : *PUNTEIRO*
- PRESENTER : Manuel GARRIDO
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : CRTVG / GALICIA, SPAIN
- CHANNEL : www.crtvg.es
- PROGRAM URL : (see sequence below)
A program specialised on bagpipes music from all parts of the world. The starting point is of course the “Galcian gaita”, the traditional bagpipes from Galicia. But the program covers the whole spectrum of pipes : medieval & contemporary, from countries in Europe, Africa, Middle East, Asia, ... By the way, ‘Punteiro’ means ‘Chanter’ in Galician. There are several ways to find the program in the page, by clicking any of the following sequences :
- RADIO GALEGA / Arquivos Radio / PUNTEIRO / Ver + / {choose program date}
- RG MÚSICA / Arquivos Radio / PUNTEIRO / Ver + / {choose program date}
- RG MÚSICA / Musicais / Punteiro / Horario e Gravacións / {choose program date}

RADIO PROGRAM : *TRES PEIXES VOANDO*
- PRESENTER : Guillerme FERNÁNDEZ & Xabier DÍAZ
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : CRTVG / GALICIA, SPAIN
- CHANNEL : www.crtvg.es
- PROGRAM URL : (see sequence below)
I am not too sure if this program is still running. I hope it is, because the conductors are two members of BERROGÜETTO, one of the best modern Galician folk bands : Guillerme FERNÁNDEZ ( guitars ) & Xabier DÍAZ ( voice, gaita, percuccion, Galician trad dance, ...). The sequence to find something on this program is :
- RG MÚSICA / Musicais / Tres peixes voando / Horario e Gravacions / …

Televisión Galega

The Galician TV has at least two programs regularly broadcasting traditional & folk music. But they also emit a good number of concerts (sometimes recorded in studio) : artists from Galicia, the neighbour Asturias and a number of other places. That is a lot more than can be said about the Spanish national TVE.

TELEVISION PROGRAM : *ALALÁ*
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : CRTVG / GALICIA, SPAIN
- CHANNEL : www.crtvg.es
- PROGRAM URL : (see sequence below)
A program that covers the many aspects of the traditions & musical folklore from Galicia, and their migration to South America & other places. There is a good crew of people making this program :
- Direction : Senén BERNÁRDEZ
- Production : Fina CIBEIRA, Senén BERNÁRDEZ, Fernando MOREIRAS, Julian GONZÁLEZ
- Script : Teresa ABUÍN, Chefi VÁZQUEZ, Arturo FERNÁNDEZ, Pilar GARCÍA-REGO
- Camera : Francisco LORENZO
- PRESENTER : Pilar GARCIA-REGO
- Musical Advisor : UXÍA
The sequences to get this program are :
- TVG / Divulgativos / Alalá / Gravacións / aquí / {choose program date}
- TVG / Divulgativos / Alalá / Ineditos / {choose ‘ver video’}

TELEVISION PROGRAM : *LUAR*
- PRESENTER : Xosé Ramon GAYOSO, Neves RODRÍGUEZ, Manuel ABAD
- INSTITUTION / COUNTRY : CRTVG / GALICIA, SPAIN
- CHANNEL : www.crtvg.es
- PROGRAM URL : (see sequence below)
A program containing : talk-show, humour, sketches, monologues, ... but also quite a few Galician folk & trad music bands.
The sequence to find this program is :
- TVG / Musicais / Luar / Gravacións / aquí / {choose program date}

Photo Credits: (1) Radio scale (unknown); (2) RNE logo, (3) Consol Saenz (by RNE); (4) Eliseo Parra, (5) Llan de Cubel, (6) Mercedes Peon, (7) Aljibe, (8) Kepa Junkera, (9) Ialma, (10) Maria del Mar Bonet, (11) Aljub & Krama, (12) Luis Paniagua, (13) Biella Nuei (by Interfolk magazine); (14) CRTVG logo, (15) Emilio Espanadero (by CRTVG); (16) Carlos Nunez, (17) Xose Manuel Budino, (18) Susana Seivane, (19) Hevia (by The Mollis); (20) Pio Fernandez (by Walkin' Tom).

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